## Name

exclusion — Exclude a set of hosts from a definition in a shorewall configuration file.

## Synopsis

`!``address-or-range`[,`address-or-range`]...

`!``zone-name`[,`zone-name`]...

## Description

The first form of exclusion is used when you wish to exclude one or more addresses from a definition. An exclamation point is followed by a comma-separated list of addresses. The addresses may be single host addresses (e.g., 192.168.1.4) or they may be network addresses in CIDR format (e.g., 192.168.1.0/24). If your kernel and iptables include iprange support, you may also specify ranges of ip addresses of the form lowaddress-highaddress

No embedded white-space is allowed.

Exclusion can appear after a list of addresses and/or address ranges. In that case, the final list of address is formed by taking the first list and then removing the addresses defined in the exclusion.

Beginning in Shorewall 4.4.13, the second form of exclusion is allowed after all and any in the SOURCE and DEST columns of /etc/shorewall/rules. It allows you to omit arbitrary zones from the list generated by those key words.

### Warning

If you omit a sub-zone and there is an explicit or explicit CONTINUE policy, a connection to/from that zone can still be matched by the rule generated for a parent zone.

For example:

> /etc/shorewall/zones:

>     #ZONE          TYPE
>     z1             ip
>     z2:z1          ip
>     ...

> /etc/shorewall/policy:

>     #SOURCE         DEST          POLICY
>     z1              net           CONTINUE
>     z2              net           REJECT

> /etc/shorewall/rules:

>     #ACTION         SOURCE        DEST        PROTO         DEST
>     #                                                       PORT(S)
>     ACCEPT          all!z2        net         tcp           22

> In this case, SSH connections from z2 to net will be accepted by the generated z1 to net ACCEPT rule.

In most contexts, ipset names can be used as an `address-or-range`. Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.14, ipset lists enclosed in +[...] may also be included (see shorewall-ipsets (5)). The semantics of these lists when used in an exclusion are as follows:

- !+[`set1`,`set2`,...`setN`] produces a packet match if the packet does not match at least one of the sets. In other words, it is like NOT match `set1` OR NOT match `set2` ... OR NOT match `setN`.

- +[!`set1`,!`set2`,...!`setN`] produces a packet match if the packet does not match any of the sets. In other words, it is like NOT match `set1` AND NOT match `set2` ... AND NOT match `setN`.

## Examples

Example 1 - All IPv4 addresses except 192.168.3.4

  !192.168.3.4

Example 2 - All IPv4 addresses except the network 192.168.1.0/24 and the host 10.2.3.4

  !192.168.1.0/24,10.1.3.4

Example 3 - All IPv4 addresses except the range 192.168.1.3-192.168.1.12 and the network 10.0.0.0/8

  !192.168.1.3-192.168.1.12,10.0.0.0/8

Example 4 - The network 192.168.1.0/24 except hosts 192.168.1.3 and 192.168.1.9

  192.168.1.0/24!192.168.1.3,192.168.1.9

Example 5 - All parent zones except loc

  any!loc

## FILES

/etc/shorewall/hosts

/etc/shorewall/masq

/etc/shorewall/rules

/etc/shorewall/tcrules

## See ALSO

shorewall(8), shorewall-accounting(5), shorewall-actions(5), shorewall-blacklist(5), shorewall-hosts(5), shorewall_interfaces(5), shorewall-ipsets(5), shorewall-maclist(5), shorewall-masq(5), shorewall-nat(5), shorewall-netmap(5), shorewall-params(5), shorewall-policy(5), shorewall-providers(5), shorewall-proxyarp(5), shorewall-rtrules(5), shorewall-routestopped(5), shorewall-rules(5), shorewall.conf(5), shorewall-secmarks(5), shorewall-tcclasses(5), shorewall-tcdevices(5), shorewall-mangle(5), shorewall-tos(5), shorewall-tunnels(5), shorewall-zones(5)