<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "chapter.dtd">

<chapter>
  <header>
    <copyright>
      <year>1997</year><year>2013</year>
      <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder>
    </copyright>
    <legalnotice>
      Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
      You may obtain a copy of the License at
 
          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

      Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
      distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
      See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
      limitations under the License.
    
    </legalnotice>

    <title>Reference Manual DTDs</title>
    <prepared></prepared>
    <docno></docno>
    <date></date>
    <rev></rev>
    <file>refman_dtds.xml</file>
  </header>

  <p>There are five DTDs for writing manual pages about applications,
    shell commands, C libraries, Erlang modules and files, all with a
    similar structure:</p>

  <list type="bulleted">
    <item>A header.</item>
    <item>Name of the application/command/library/module/file.</item>
    <item>Short summary (one line).</item>
    <item>A longer description.</item>
    <item>"Formal" definitions of functions or commands.</item>
    <item>Optional sections of free text.</item>
    <item>Optional section with the name(s) and email(s) of the author(s).</item>
  </list>

  <p>The differences between the DTDs are the tags for the name,
    the short summary and some tags inside the "formal" definitions.</p>

  <section>
    <marker id="applicationDTD"></marker>
    <title>The application DTD</title>

    <p>The <c>application</c> DTD is intended for a Reference Manual and
      groups a set of manual pages into one unit. The structure is
      similar to the part DTD: first an introduction and then the manual
      pages, written in separate files with the
      <seealso marker="#apprefDTD">appref</seealso>,
      <seealso marker="#comrefDTD">comref</seealso>,
      <seealso marker="#crefDTD">cref</seealso>,
      <seealso marker="#erlrefDTD">erlref</seealso>, or
      <seealso marker="#filerefDTD">fileref</seealso> DTD.</p>

    <p>Example:</p>
    <pre>
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="latin1" ?>
&lt;!DOCTYPE application SYSTEM "application.dtd">
&lt;application>
  &lt;header>
    &lt;title>Application name&lt;/title>
    &lt;prepared/>
    &lt;docno/>
    &lt;date/>
    &lt;rev/>
  &lt;/header>

  &lt;description>
    &lt;p>Application description...&lt;/p>
  &lt;/description>
  
  &lt;include file="module1">
  &lt;include file="module2">
&lt;/application>
    </pre>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="applicationTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;application&gt;</title>

    <p>The top level tag of an <c>application</c> DTD.</p>

    <p>Contains a
      <seealso marker="header_tags">&lt;header&gt;</seealso>,
      an optional
      <seealso marker="user_guide_dtds#descriptionTAG">&lt;description&gt;</seealso>,
      followed by one or more
      <seealso marker="user_guide_dtds#includeTAG">&lt;include&gt;</seealso>.
    </p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="apprefDTD"></marker>
    <title>The appref DTD</title>

    <p>This is the DTD for writing an application manual page.</p>

    <p>Example:</p>
    <pre>
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="latin1" ?>
&lt;!DOCTYPE appref SYSTEM "appref.dtd">
&lt;appref>
  &lt;header>
    &lt;title>Application name&lt;/title>
    &lt;prepared/>
    &lt;docno/>
    &lt;date/>
    &lt;rev/>
  &lt;/header>

  &lt;app>Application name&lt;/app>

  &lt;appsummary>A short application summary.&lt;/appsummary>

  &lt;description>
    &lt;p>A longer description of the application.&lt;/p>
  &lt;/description>
  
  &lt;section>
    &lt;title>Configuration&lt;/title>

      &lt;p>...&lt;/p>
  &lt;/section>

  ...
  
  &lt;authors>
    &lt;aname>Name of author&lt;/aname>
    &lt;email>Email of author&lt;/email>
  &lt;/authors>
&lt;/appref>
    </pre>

    <section>
      <marker id="apprefTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;appref&gt;</title>

      <p>The top level tag of an <c>appref</c> DTD.</p>

      <p>Contains
	<seealso marker="header_tags#headerTAG">&lt;header&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#appTAG">&lt;app&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#appsummaryTAG">&lt;appsummary&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#descriptionTAG">&lt;description&gt;</seealso>,
	zero or more
	<seealso marker="#sectionTAG">&lt;section&gt;</seealso> and
	<seealso marker="#funcsTAG">&lt;funcs&gt;</seealso>, 
	followed by zero or more 
	<seealso marker="#authorsTAG">&lt;authors&gt;</seealso>.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="appTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;app&gt;</title>

      <p>The application name. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="appsummaryTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;appsummary&gt;</title>

      <p>Short summary. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="comrefDTD"></marker>
    <title>The comref DTD</title>

    <p>This is the DTD for writing a command manual page.</p>

    <p>Example:</p>
    <pre>
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="latin1" ?>
&lt;!DOCTYPE comref SYSTEM "comref.dtd">
&lt;comref>
  &lt;header>
    &lt;title>Command name&lt;/title>
    &lt;prepared/>
    &lt;docno/>
    &lt;date/>
    &lt;rev/>
  &lt;/header>

  &lt;com>Command name&lt;/com>

  &lt;comsummary>A short command summary.&lt;/comsummary>

  &lt;description>
    &lt;p>A long description of the command.&lt;/p>
  &lt;/description>
  
  &lt;funcs>
    &lt;func>
      &lt;name>command&lt;/name>
      &lt;name>command -flag &lt;arg>&lt;/name>
      &lt;fsummary>A short command summary (max 40 characters).&lt;/fsummary>
      &lt;desc>
        &lt;p>An extended command description.
      &lt;/desc>
    &lt;/func>
  &lt;/funcs>

  &lt;section>
    &lt;title>Options&lt;/title>

    &lt;p>...&lt;/p>
  &lt;/section>
  
  &lt;authors>
    &lt;aname>Name of author&lt;/aname>
    &lt;email>Email of author&lt;/email>
  &lt;/authors>
&lt;/comref>
    </pre>

    <section>
      <marker id="comrefTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;comref&gt;</title>

      <p>The top level tag for a <c>comref</c> DTD.</p>

      <p>Contains
	<seealso marker="header_tags#headerTAG">&lt;header&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#comTAG">&lt;com&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#comsummaryTAG">&lt;comsummary&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#descriptionTAG">&lt;description&gt;</seealso>,
	zero or more
	<seealso marker="#sectionTAG">&lt;section&gt;</seealso> and
	<seealso marker="#funcsTAG">&lt;funcs&gt;</seealso>, 
	followed by zero or more
	<seealso marker="#authorsTAG">&lt;authors&gt;</seealso>.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="comTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;com&gt;</title>

      <p>The command name. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="comsummaryTAG"></marker>

      <title>&lt;comsummary&gt;</title>

      <p>Short summary. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="crefDTD"></marker>
    <title>The cref DTD</title>

    <p>This is the DTD for writing a C library manual page.</p>

    <p>Example:</p>
    <pre><![CDATA[
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="latin1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE cref SYSTEM "cref.dtd">
<cref>
  <header>
    <title>C library name</title>
    <prepared/>
    <docno/>
    <date/>
    <rev/>
  </header>

  <lib>C library name</lib>

  <libsummary>A short C library summary.</libsummary>

  <description>
    <p>A longer description of the C library.</p>
  </description>
  
  <funcs>
    <func>
      <name><ret>void</ret><nametext>start(bar)</nametext></name>
      <name><ret>void</ret><nametext>start(foo)</nametext></name>
      <fsummary>A short function summary (max 40 characters).</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>char bar</v>
        <v>int foo</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>An extended function description.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>

    ...
  </funcs>

  <section>
    <title>A title</title>

    <p>Some text...</p>
  </section>
  
  
</cref>
    ]]></pre>

    <section>
      <marker id="crefTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;cref&gt;</title>

      <p>The top level tag for a <c>cref</c> DTD.</p>

      <p>Contains
	<seealso marker="header_tags#headerTAG">&lt;header&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#libTAG">&lt;lib&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#libsummaryTAG">&lt;libsummary&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#descriptionTAG">&lt;description&gt;</seealso>,
	zero or more
	<seealso marker="#sectionTAG">&lt;section&gt;</seealso> and
	<seealso marker="#funcsTAG">&lt;funcs&gt;</seealso>, followed by
	zero or more
	<seealso marker="#authorsTAG">&lt;authors&gt;</seealso>.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="libTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;lib&gt;</title>

      <p>The C library name or acronym. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="libsummaryTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;libsummary&gt;</title>

      <p>Short summary. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="erlrefDTD"></marker>
    <title>The erlref DTD</title>

    <p>This is the DTD for writing Erlang module manual pages.</p>

    <p>Example:</p>
    <pre>
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="latin1" ?>
&lt;!DOCTYPE erlref SYSTEM "erlref.dtd">
&lt;erlref>
  &lt;header>
    &lt;title>Module name&lt;/title>
    &lt;prepared/>
    &lt;docno/>
    &lt;date/>
    &lt;rev/>
  &lt;/header>

  &lt;module>Module name&lt;/module>

  &lt;modulesummary>A short module summary.&lt;/modulesummary>

  &lt;description>
    &lt;p>A longer description of the module.&lt;/p>
  &lt;/description>
  
  &lt;funcs>
    &lt;func>
      &lt;name>start() -> Result&lt;/name>
      &lt;name>start(N) -> Result&lt;/name>
      &lt;fsummary>A short function summary (max 40 characters).&lt;/fsummary>
      &lt;type>
        &lt;v>Pid = pid()&lt;/v>
        &lt;v>N = int()&lt;/v>
        &lt;v>Result = {ok, Pid} | {error, Reason}&lt;/v>
        &lt;v>Reason = term()&lt;/v>
        &lt;d>A parameter description.&lt;/d>
      &lt;/type>
      &lt;desc>
        &lt;p>An extended function description.&lt;/p>
      &lt;/desc>
    &lt;/func>

    ...
  &lt;/funcs>

  &lt;section>
    &lt;title>Some Title&lt;/title>
    &lt;p>Some text...&lt;/p>
  &lt;/section>
  
  &lt;authors>
    &lt;aname>Name of author&lt;/aname>
    &lt;email>Email of author&lt;/email>
  &lt;/authors>
&lt;/erlref>
    </pre>

    <section>
      <marker id="erlrefTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;erlref&gt;</title>

      <p>The top level tag for an <c>erlref</c> DTD.</p>

      <p>Contains
	<seealso marker="header_tags#headerTAG">&lt;header&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#moduleTAG">&lt;module&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#modulesummaryTAG">&lt;modulesummary&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#descriptionTAG">&lt;description&gt;</seealso>,
	zero or more
	<seealso marker="#sectionTAG">&lt;section&gt;</seealso> and
	<seealso marker="#funcsTAG">&lt;funcs&gt;</seealso>, 
	followed by zero or more
	<seealso marker="#authorsTAG">&lt;authors&gt;</seealso>.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="moduleTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;module&gt;</title>

      <p>The module name. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="modulesummaryTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;modulesummary&gt;</title>

      <p>Short summary. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="filerefDTD"></marker>
    <title>The fileref DTD</title>

    <p>This is the DTD for writing file manual pages. In OTP, this DTD
      is used for defining the format of for example <c>.rel</c> and
      <c>.app</c> files.</p>

    <p>Example:</p>
    <pre>
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="latin1" ?>
&lt;!DOCTYPE fileref SYSTEM "fileref.dtd">
&lt;fileref>
  &lt;header>
    &lt;title>File name&lt;/title>
    &lt;prepared/>
    &lt;docno/>
    &lt;date/>
    &lt;rev/>
  &lt;/header>

  &lt;file>fileref&lt;/file>

  &lt;filesummary>A short file summary.&lt;/filesummary>

  &lt;description>
    &lt;p>A longer description of the file.&lt;/p>
  &lt;/description>
  
  &lt;section>
    &lt;title>File format&lt;/title>

    &lt;p>...&lt;/p>
  &lt;/section>
  
  &lt;authors>
    &lt;aname>Name of author&lt;/aname>
    &lt;email>Email of author&lt;/email>
  &lt;/authors>
&lt;/fileref>
    </pre>

    <p>The file reference manual can also contain function definitions,
      similar to the <c>erlref</c> DTD.</p>

    <section>
      <marker id="filerefTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;fileref&gt;</title>

      <p>The top level tag for a <c>fileref</c> DTD.</p>

      <p>Contains
	<seealso marker="header_tags#headerTAG">&lt;header&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#fileTAG">&lt;file&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#filesummaryTAG">&lt;filesummary&gt;</seealso>,
	<seealso marker="#descriptionTAG">&lt;description&gt;</seealso>,
	zero or more
	<seealso marker="#sectionTAG">&lt;section&gt;</seealso> and
	<seealso marker="#funcsTAG">&lt;funcs&gt;</seealso>, 
	followed by zero or more
	<seealso marker="#authorsTAG">&lt;authors&gt;</seealso>.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="fileTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;file&gt;</title>

      <p>The name of the file or file type. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>

    <section>
      <marker id="filesummaryTAG"></marker>
      <title>&lt;filesummary&gt;</title>

      <p>Short summary. Contains plain text.</p>
    </section>
  </section>

    <section>
    <marker id="descriptionTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;description&gt;</title>

    <p>The introduction after the title and before sections and
      "formal" definitions.</p>

    <p>Contains any combination and any number of
      <seealso marker="block_tags">block tags</seealso> except
      <c><![CDATA[<image>]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[<table>]]></c>.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="sectionTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;section&gt;</title>

    <p>Subdivisions of the document. Contains an optional
      <seealso marker="inline_tags#markerTAG">&lt;marker&gt;</seealso>,
      a <seealso marker="user_guide_dtds#titleTAG">&lt;title&gt;</seealso>,
      
      followed by any combination and any number of
      <seealso marker="block_tags">block tags</seealso> except
      <c><![CDATA[<image>]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[<table>]]></c>.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="funcsTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;funcs&gt;</title>

    <p>A group of "formal" function definitions.</p>
    
    <p>Contains one or more
      <seealso marker="#funcTAG">&lt;func&gt;</seealso>.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="funcTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;func&gt;</title>

    <p>A "formal" function definition.</p>

    <p>Contains one or more
      <seealso marker="#nameTAG">&lt;name&gt;</seealso>, followed by
      <seealso marker="#fsummaryTAG">&lt;fsummary&gt;</seealso>,
      <seealso marker="#typeTAG">&lt;type&gt;</seealso> (optional) and
      <seealso marker="#descTAG">&lt;desc&gt;</seealso> (optional).</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="nameTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;name&gt;</title>

    <p>Function/command signature with name, arguments and return value.
      Contains plain text, except for the <c>cref</c> DTD where it
      contains a <c><![CDATA[<ret>]]></c> (return type, plain text) and
      a <c><![CDATA[<nametext>]]></c> (function name and arguments,
      plain text).</p>

    <p>In the case of an <c>erlref</c> DTD, it will
      automatically be added a
      <seealso marker="inline_tags#markerTAG">marker</seealso>,
      <c><![CDATA[<marker id="Name/Arity">]]></c> or
      <c><![CDATA[<marker id="Name">]]></c>, based on the contents of
      this tag before the function definition.</p>

    <p>Example: Consider the following name definition</p>
    <pre><![CDATA[
<name>foo(Arg1, Arg2) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
    ]]></pre>

    <p>Then a marker like this will be added
      <c><![CDATA[<marker id="foo/2">]]></c> before the function
      definition in the generated HTML. That is, referring to
      the function using
      <c><![CDATA[<seealso marker="#foo/2">foo/2</seealso>]]></c> will
      automatically work.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="fsummaryTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;fsummary&gt;</title>

    <p>Function/command summary. Contains plain text,
      <seealso marker="inline_tags#cTAG">&lt;c&gt;</seealso> and
      <seealso marker="inline_tags#emTAG">&lt;em&gt;</seealso>.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="typeTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;type&gt;</title>

    <p>Type declarations for the function/command.</p>

    <p>Contains one or more pairs of
      <seealso marker="#vTAG">&lt;v&gt;</seealso> and
      <seealso marker="#dTAG">&lt;d&gt;</seealso> (optional).</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="vTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;v&gt;</title>

    <p>Type declaration for an argument or return value. Contains plain
      text.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="dTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;d&gt;</title>

    <p>Description for an argument or return value. Contains plain text,
      <seealso marker="inline_tags#cTAG">&lt;c&gt;</seealso> and
      <seealso marker="inline_tags#emTAG">&lt;em&gt;</seealso>.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="descTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;desc&gt;</title>

    <p>Function/command description. Contains
      <seealso marker="block_tags">block tags</seealso> except
      <c>&lt;image&gt;</c> and <c>&lt;table&gt;</c>.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="authorsTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;authors&gt;</title>

    <p>Authors of the manual page. The <c>authors</c> element is  optional.</p>

    <p>Contains one or more pairs of
      <seealso marker="#anameTAG">&lt;aname&gt;</seealso> and
      <seealso marker="#emailTAG">&lt;email&gt;</seealso>.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="anameTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;aname&gt;</title>

    <p>Author name. Contains plain text.</p>
  </section>

  <section>
    <marker id="emailTAG"></marker>
    <title>&lt;email&gt;</title>

    <p>Author email address. Contains plain text.</p>
  </section>
</chapter>

